viernes, 14 de mayo de 2010
Metabolism Disorders
- Hypothyroidism: Slows body process and causes fatigue, slow heart rate, execcive weight gain. This can be treated.
- Phenylketonuria: A defect in the enzyme that breaks down the amino acid. This acid is necessary for normal growth in infants.
- Type 1 diabetes: Occurs when the pancreas doesn´t produce and secrete enough insulin.
- Type 2 diabetes: Happens when teh body can´t respond normally to insulin.
Summarize of our metabolism
lunes, 10 de mayo de 2010
Catabolism and anabolism
Anabolism is the set of constructive metabolic processes where the energy released by catabolism is used to synthesize complex molecules. The complex molecules that make up cellular structures are constructed step-by-step from small and simple precursors.
In carbohydrate anabolism, simple organic acids can be converted into monosaccharides such as glucose and then used to assemble polysaccharides such as starch.
Fatty acids are made by fatty acid synthases that polymerize and then reduce acetyl-CoA units. The acyl chains in the fatty acids are extended by a cycle of reactions that add the actyl group, reduce it to an alcohol, dehydrate it to an alkene group and then reduce it again to an alkane group.
Organisms vary in their ability to synthesize the 20 common amino acids, mammals can synthesize only eleven nonessential amino acids, nine essential amino acids must be obtained from food. All amino acids are synthesized from intermediates in glycolysis, the citric acid cycle, or the pentose phosphate pathway.
Amino acids are made into proteins by being joined together in a chain by peptide bonds.
Nucleotides are made from amino acids, carbon dioxide and formic acid in pathways that require large amounts of metabolic energy.
metabolism
METABOLISM
FAST SLOW
It depends in the use of energy in food if it is fast or slow.
It is measured in calories.
The number of calories needed each day varies from person to person and depends on body, mass, age, sex and level of activity. In general males need more calories than females.
If you eat more calories than your body can metabolize, you will store the extra energy as body fat and gain weight.
Active people need more calories than inactive.